Horizontal seed dispersal by dung beetles reduced seed and seedling clumping, but did not increase short-term seedling establishment.

Dung beetles are secondary seed dispersers, incidentally moving many of the seeds defecated by mammals vertically (seed burial) and/or horizontally as they process and relocate dung.Although several studies have quantified this ecological function of dung beetles, very few have followed seed fate until seedling establishment, and most of these have

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Central diabetes insipidus and burn trauma

Diabetes insipidus (DI) is characterized by polyuria and polydipsia.In most cases, the condition results from either an inadequate release or resistance to the activity of antidiuretic hormone in the renal collecting tubules.The underlying pathophysiology may be related to destruction the destruction or degeneration of neurons from inflammatory, au

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